An Analysis of Islamic Law Regarding Digital Content Monetization from the Perspective of *Fiqh Muamalah*

Abstract

The development of digital technology has given rise to new forms of transactions in the field of muʿāmalah, one of which is the monetization of digital content on social media platforms such as YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram. Digital content monetization enables creators to earn income through advertising, brand collaborations (endorsements), paid subscriptions, and virtual gifts. This phenomenon raises issues in Islamic law, particularly concerning the clarity of contracts (akad), the object of the transaction, and the conformity of such practices with the principles of fiqh muʿāmalah. This study aims to analyze the practice of digital content monetization and to assess its legal status from the perspective of fiqh muʿāmalah. The research employs a qualitative method with a normative approach, using primary data sources consisting of the Qur’an, Hadith, and fatwas issued by the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Council of Ulama (DSN-MUI), as well as secondary data sources in the form of fiqh muʿāmalah literature and scholarly journals. The results of the study indicate that digital content monetization is basically permissible in Islam as long as it fulfills the pillars and conditions of a valid contract, the content presented is halal, and the practice is free from elements of riba, gharar, and maysir. The contracts relevant to digital content monetization practices include ijarah, juʿālah, wakālah, and ujrah.